Our grandmothers said: "Babies need to be raised when they are freely placed across the bed, then you can only reap the benefits." This wisdom contains the main idea - the process must begin from the first days after birth.
Psychologists largely support this view of the situation. Today we offer you to get acquainted with the advice of specialists in the issue of education from the first days to three years.
During the publication process, you will familiarize yourself with the basics of the psychology of young members of society, learn about behavioral features and main tasks, as well as possible mistakes that young mothers often make in raising young boys and girls.
Features of raising a child
The first tooth, the first smile, the first word and many more first joys await young parents. But at the same time, caring grandmothers, wise neighbors and girlfriends, experienced their parents, pushing the crumbs to “start raising”.
Such attacks lead to panic and the creation of the "only true" from the point of view of inexperienced parents, a system of prohibitions. The result is disobedience, moods and tears.
Meanwhile, psychologists have long ago come up with the main points (tips) - raising children from 0 to 3 years old, methods and tasks, behavioral features and peaceful ways to resolve conflict situations in the upbringing process. We invite you to familiarize yourself with them.
How to raise a child - the best advice from a psychologist
Psychological advice: in the first days of life and up to three months, inclusive, it's time for the initial development. AT this period he needs to be taught:
- hold the head;
- to fall asleep without a nipple (soother) independently and without motion sickness;
- learn to entertain yourself;
- learn hygiene basics.
In the second period (from 3 to 6 months), he comprehends visual, sensory and sound perception of the world.
Further (at 6-9 months), babies become more mobile and inquisitive, so the time for initial physical preparation comes.
After this, it is already possible to develop memory (in 9-12 months), he will gradually learn to walk, communicate with others, hold a spoon, etc. All this is a kind of foundation for further education of a happy person.
Raising a child of 3–4 years old deserves separate recommendations, but the main thing remains unchanged - both parents (mom and dad) should pay attention and take an active part in their education. Psychologists insist - you need to constantly talk with them, explain truths incomprehensible to them, show the correct actions by your own example, etc.
Parenting 3 years features
According to experts, the first age crisis is three years. During this period, children are characterized by whims, the desire to command the elders or to show their individuality in a different way.
It is important to understand that the moral and physical education of a child at 3 and 4 years of age depends on the age-related characteristics of development and behavior. What advice do psychologists give?
Methods of education and training a child 3 and 4 years old
The psychology of upbringing is a whole science, but even it is not capable of teaching you to properly educate your children. It is only the basis, the rest will tell the baby himself. It needs to be felt and understood, otherwise one can only do harm.
It is important to understand that each baby is individual and cannot be tied to one single parenting program. The psychologist’s advice is to determine goals and objectives, study several programs and take from each only the most important things, which will really help to create a harmonious personality.
Here the most common good booksthat can help you become more familiar with this topic:
1. Read earlier than speak - by N. Zaitsev.
2. Learning to understand the baby - Cecile Lupan.
3. We educate every minute - L. Breslavsky.
4. Healthy and smart children (intensive education) - the Nikitins family (Elena and Boris).
5. Humane pedagogy - Shalva Amonashvili.
It is impossible not to take into account the peculiarities of the family, for example, in a military family, children from a young age raise a patriotic mood and determine the corresponding tasks, children who do not have a father, give female education (mothers, grandmothers), etc.
The advice of psychology comes down to the main truth - it is important not to miss the main thing, to take into account personality and individuality.
Parenting Independence in Children - Psychologist's Advice
Psychologists note two extremes that prevent children from developing fully - indifference and hyper-custody. The result - children grow up infantile, incapable of making independent decisions, withdrawn and lacking any desires and aspirations.
To avoid such problems psychologists give the following tips:
- To encourage their activity from the first years of life in terms of self-care and / or assistance to parents, or other activities.
- Be patient and in no case do not criticize, and even more so, do not compare with other more successful children.
- Allow you to make decisions yourself and be prepared for responsibility for them.
- Allow you to make your own mistakes.
- Do not protect against all troubles, for example, in a sandbox or kindergarten, they often conflict. Do not protect against the ability to adapt in society, in which he will subsequently have to live.
- Allow you to take part in important family matters, such as planning a weekend or family trip.
- Allow yourself to choose clothes.
Mistakes in raising boys and girls
1. It is wrong to follow patterns and stereotypes in behavior. It is important to respect feelings and desires regardless of gender. If the girl is very mobile and closer to her the image of a little robber (such girls may lack perseverance, they often fight, etc.), you should not tell her that her behavior is characteristic only of a naughty boy. In the same way, one should not reproach the boy for crying like a girl after a bruise (men don’t cry, then this behavior is unacceptable).
2. You can not compare with others, it brings up an inferiority complex.
3. It is not right to dismiss, he should not hear the expressions: go away, do not bother, leave behind others like them. The main feature of behavior is curiosity, it must always be satisfied and under any circumstances. We can say: we’ll talk about this later, now I’m not ready to talk about it, etc.
4. You can not focus on a defect in appearance, it is better to focus on features, uniqueness.
5. You can’t only instill your idea of what is right and not right - they must have a choice. However, respect for the opposite sex and for oneself must be encouraged and developed.
And, most importantly, you must always love your children, express this feeling in all available ways: often hug and kiss, say words of support, encourage all undertakings, etc. In this case, you will be able to raise a happy person and give him a decent start in this life.
